On the Question of Dating the First Eastern Campaign of John II Comnenus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2687-0967-2025-52-4-865-870Keywords:
Byzantium, Principality of Antioch, Cilician Armenia, John II Comnenus, Raymond de Poitiers, Levon I RubenidAbstract
The paper is focused on the acitivies of John II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143 also known as “John the Good”. His eastern campaigns in Cilicia and Antioch – Byzantine have been the subject of numerous studies addressing their course and consequences. However, the precise dating of the emperor’s first campaign remains disputed. Although Greek, Armenian, Latin, Syrian, and Arabic sources provide substantial information, many aspects of the campaign are still unclear. Strikingly, Greek accounts describe this highly successful enterprise only briefly, despite its significant outcome: the Byzantine Empire compelled the Armenian princes of Cilicia, as well as the crusaders of Antioch and Edessa, to recognize imperial sovereignty. The difficulty of establishing a reliable chronology is further compounded by the lack of clarity surrounding the preceding events in Cilicia and Antioch. Using the methods of content analysis and comparative historical analysis, we will try to shed light on the developments of the years 1130–1137.
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