Биоархеологическое исследование материалов поздней бронзы и раннего железного века из могильника Кучак (Армения)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2687-0967-2026-53-1-5-29Ключевые слова:
Армения, Кучак, эпоха поздней бронзы и раннего железного века, краниология, краниоскопия, одонтология, остеология, палеопатологияАннотация
Работа посвящена исследованию черепов эпохи поздней бронзы, раннего железного века из могильника Кучак (Армения). Исследование осуществлялось путём визуального осмотра скелетов, измерения, описания и рентгенографии. Дана краниологическая, краниоскопическая, одонтологическая и остеологическая характеристика и определены некоторые болезни, фиксируемые на костях скелета. Четкие следы непреднамеренной деформации головы (tump-line deformation, cradle deformation) отмечены у индивидов. Одонтологический комплекс относится к южному грацильному типу с высоким уровнем редукции гипоконуса вторых верхних моляров. На индивидуальном уровне проанализированы тотальные размеры и формы тела взрослого индивида. В структуре палеопатологического профиля выборки преобладают воспалительные заболевания.
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Brooks S., Suchey J.M. 1990. Skeletal age Determination Based on the os Pubis: A Com-Parison of the Acsadi – Nemeskeri and Suchey – Brooks Methods. Human Evolution. 5: 227–238.
Buikstra J.E., Ubelaker D.H. ed. 1994. Standards of Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains. Arkansas Archaeological Survey Research Series 44. Fayetteville, 272 p.
Green M.C., Mason E.O., Kaplan S.L., Lamberth L.B., Stovall S.H., Givner L.B., Bradley J.S., TanT.Q., Barson W.J., Hoffman J.A., Lin P.L., Hulten K.G. 2011. Increase in Prevalence of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 6C at Eight Children"s Hospitals in the United States from 1993 to 2009. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 49(6): 2097–2101.
Goodman A.H., Martin D.L., Armelagos G.J., Qark G. 1984. Indications of Stress from Bones and Teet. Paleopathology at the origins of agriculture. New York, 13–49.
Heathcote G.M., Bansil K.L., Sava V.J. 1996. A Protocol for Scoring Three Posteriorcranial Superstructures Which Reach Remarkable Size in Ancient Mariana Islanders. Micronesica. 29: 281–298 p.
Heathcote G.M., Bromage T.G., Sava V.J., Hanson D.B., Anderson B.E. 2014. Enigmatic Cranial Superstructures among Chamorro Ancestors from the Mariana Islands: Gross Anatomy and Microanatomy. Anatomical Record. 297(6): 1009–1021.
Hershkovitz I., Greenwald C., Rothschild B.M., Latimer B., Dutour O., Jellema L.M., Wish-Baratz S. 1999. Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna: An Anthropological Perspective. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 109: 303–325.
Hillson S. 1996. Dental anthropology. Cambridge: Combridge University Press, 373 p.
Khudaverdyan A.Yu. 2016. Radicular Dens Invaginatus in Late Bronze Age in Armenia. Bulletin of the International Association for Paleodontology. 10(2): 52–59.
Khudaverdyan A.Yu. 2018. Tumpline Deformation on Skulls from Late Bronze and Early Iron Age Armenia: A Cause of Enigmatic Cranial Superstructures? Mankind Quarterly. 59(1): 8–30.
Khudaverdyan A.Yu. 2021. Bronze and Iron Ages Warriors from the Qarashamb Burial Ground: Anthropological and Paleopathological Perspective. Bulletin of the International Association for Paleontology. 15(2): 83–97.
Khudaverdyan A.Yu., Yengibaryan A.A., Khachatryan H.H., Hovhanesyan A.A. 2022. Warrior Burial of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: The Phenomenon of Women Warriors from the Jrapi Cemetery (Shirak Province, Armenia). International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 32(2): 524–535.
Lovejoy C.O., Meindl R.S., Pryzbeck T.R., Mensforth R.P. 1985. Chronological Metamorphosis of the Auricular Surface of the Ilium: A New Method for the Determination of Adult Skeletal Age at Death. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 68: 15–28.
Meindl R.S., Lovejoy C.O., Mensforth R.P., Carlos L.D. 1985. Accuracy and Direction of Error in the Sexing of the Skeleton: Implications for Paleodemography. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 68: 79–85.
Oehlers F.A.C. 1957. Dens Invaginatus. Part I: Variations of the Invagination Process and Association with Anterior Crown Forms. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, Endodontology. 10: 1204–1218.
Oehlers F.A. 1958. The Radicular Variety of Dens Invaginatus. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, Endodontology. 11: 1251–1260.
Ortner D.J., Putchar W.G.J. 1981. Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology. V. 28. Washington: Smithonian Institution Press, 479 p.
Polat S., Aksoy E., Serin G.M., Yıldız E., Tanyeri H. 2011. Incidental Diagnosis of Mastoiditis on MRI. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 268(8): 1135–1138.
Standen V., Arriaza B.T., Santoro C.M. 1997. External Auditory Exostosis in Prehistoric Chilean Populations: A Test of the Cold Water Hypothesis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 103: 119–129.
Stuart-Macadam P. 1992. Anemia in Past Human Populations. Diet, demography and disease. Changingperspectives of Anemia. New York, 151–170.
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